Bridge validator threshold (k-of-M)

Evidence summary #

13-of-19 (68%) supermajority required for VAA validity. Above 2/3 threshold. For governance actions, Wormhole requires two-thirds supermajority. The 13-of-19 threshold means 7 guardians would need to be compromised to forge a message. Threshold is reasonable but PoA not trustless.

Sources #

Methodology #

Read the signature threshold required to approve a cross-chain message (for non-LZ bridges).

See the full factor methodology and distribution across all protocols →