defirisk.co
rubric v1.7.0

Historical bad-debt events

Hyperliquid's assessment for RD-F-067 — scored yellow on the v1.7.0 rubric. The evidence below is the curator's reasoning for this score.

Evidence summary #

Two confirmed bad debt events in ~12 months. (1) JELLY incident, March 26 2025: HLP vault accumulated ~$13.5M unrealized loss before validators voted to delist and settle using an oracle override; Hyperliquid Foundation covered the settlement; no permanent user loss but ~$13.5M transient bad exposure on HLP. (2) POPCAT incident, November 2025: attacker opened $26M leveraged POPCAT longs across 19 wallets then crashed the price; HLP absorbed ~$4.5–4.9M in realized bad debt. A third ETH-margin manipulation event also occurred in 2025. Pattern: recurring market-manipulation-driven bad debt on thin/long-tail perp markets. Yellow (not red) because no users permanently lost funds in either event — Foundation covered JELLY; POPCAT bad debt was absorbed into HLP vault P&L rather than socialised to user margin.

Sources #

Methodology #

Count and sum (USD) the number of documented bad-debt events where the protocol socialized losses across depositors.

See the full factor methodology and distribution across all protocols →

rubric_version v1.7.0 protocol hyperliquid factor RD-F-067 score yellow collected_at 2026-04-28 13:58:49